TRAI said the licences were amended in 2010 to allow NLDO/ILDO to issue calling cards directly to consumers. Intelligent Network Regulation was also amended to facilitate time bound agreements between TSPs.

The Authority noted that at each stage in the process, TSPs have tried to dodge the introduction of competition; their stance has shifted every time the issue has been taken up, it added.

TRAI said when the Intelligent Network Regulations were amended in 2012 to facilitate interconnect agreement so that consumer get choice of NLDO/ILDO, TSPs dragged their feet and no consensus could be achieved.

"Some access providers offered unrealistic access charges to ILDOs making the entire process non-starter," TRAI added.

There are about 27 ILDOs that have permit to provide ISD services and 34 National Long Distance Operators (NLDO) that can provide STD service.

However, some of these ILDO and NLDO are part of main telecom operators like Bharti Airtel, RCom, Vodafone and BSNL.

To infuse more competition and offer more options to telecom consumers, the government has allowed companies that only have licence for international long distance and national long distance telecom services to directly acquire customers to offer ISD and STD service through 'calling cards'.

A user of a calling card is required to dial a certain prefix code on his/her phone to make calls using network ILD or NLD operators.

Since companies having only ILD and NLD cannot have direct access to customers, they are required to go through telecom service providers, mainly mobile operators.

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