2015 Nobel Prize Recipients And Their Achievements

Nobel Prize in Physics: Takaaki Kajita and Arthur B. McDonald

Arthur B. McDonald, is an astrophysicist in Canada, is the Director of the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory Institute and the Gordon and Patricia Gray Chairmen in Particle Astrophysics at Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario. McDonald’s researches are basically on proving the existence of mass in the neutrinos.

Reasonably, August 2001, team led by McDonald conducted an experiment by placing  the neutron detecting facility under 6,800 feet (2,100 m) underground, subsequently the device  detected the oscillating of the electron neutrinos into muon and tau neutrinos.

Takaaki Kajita is a Japanese physicist known for his contribution to the field of cosmic rays. While  he was serving at the Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, the team led by Kajita discovered that, if the cosmic rays hit the earth’s environment, the neutrons neutrinos switched between two characters.

Since discoveries made by Arthur B. McDonald  and Takaaki Kajita are similar, they both now share the Noble Prize for Physics 2015.   

Nobel Prize in Chemistry: Tomas Lindahl, Paul Modrich And Aziz Sancar

This year’s Nobel prize for chemistry goes to those who have developed a groundbreaking theory on the cancer treatment. Tomas Lindahl, Paul Modrich, Aziz Sancar are the laureates of this year and their works are closely related to the subject of auto-repairing of cells while they are damaged.

Comparatively, Lindahl discovered a ‘molecular machinery,’ Sancar developed a ‘nucleotide excision repair,’ which is based on the mechanism that cells use to repair UV damage to DNA and Modrich mapped ‘mismatch repair,’ reduces the error frequency during DNA replication by about a thousand times.

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