PM Modi Marks India's Second Stage in Nuclear Power Program
Prime Minister Narendra Modi marked a significant milestone in India's nuclear power program as the country entered the second stage with the initiation of 'core loading' at the first indigenous Fast Breeder Reactor (500 MWe) in Kalpakkam. This move signifies progress toward achieving the first criticality, a crucial step before power generation.
During his visit, the Prime Minister toured the reactor vault and the control room, receiving briefings on its key features. The 500 MWe Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR) is developed by Bhartiya Nabhikiya Vidyut Nigam Ltd (BHAVINI) with contributions from over 200 micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSME).
Once operational, India will be the second country, after Russia, to have a commercial operating fast breeder reactor. The PFBR will initially utilize uranium-plutonium mixed oxide (MOX) fuel, with uranium-238 in the 'blanket' undergoing nuclear transmutation to produce additional fuel, earning the name 'Breeder.'
The reactor also envisions the use of thorium-232, a non-fissile material, in its blanket. Through transmutation, thorium will create fissile uranium-233, serving as fuel in the program's third stage. This strategic approach sets the stage for the full utilization of India's abundant thorium reserves.
Safety is a paramount consideration, with the PFBR classified as an advanced third-generation reactor featuring inherent passive safety features for a prompt and safe shutdown during emergencies. Additionally, as it utilizes spent fuel from the first stage, the FBR presents a significant advantage by reducing nuclear waste generation, thereby minimizing the need for large geological disposal facilities.
Despite its advanced technology, both the capital cost and per unit electricity cost of the PFBR are comparable to other nuclear and conventional power plants. The achievement underscores India's commitment to advancing its nuclear capabilities while maintaining a focus on safety, cost-effectiveness, and strategic utilization of resources, according to a government statement.
