siliconindia | | December 20189tensor imaging) and functional MRI have made the Epilepsy surgery possible. Development in neuro-anaesthesia called Neurolepto analgesia has made the `Awake brain surgery' possible, which is the surest way of preventing damage to the eloquent areas of the brain. Neuro-vascular imaging and endo-vascular technology have opened a new era of stroke management. The functional implants and implanta-tion of devices have become the order of the day for many functional disorders like Parkinson's, Epilepsy, pain and severe depression.Advancements in molecular biology have taken neu-rosurgery to the cellular level. The future developments are much more exciting where the robotic devices, confo-cal visualization of the brain and manipulation of molecu-lar substances will be the exciting future called molecular neuro-surgery. The development of optics will very soon show the functional areas of the brain, including the move-ment of the molecules, as well as the blood flow. In addi-tion, several mechanisms of brain illnesses like brain edema, neuro-inflammation, neuro degeneration and auto-immunity are being understood, including the genetic basis of neuro-logical illness. The comprehensive treatments in future will be more exciting and rewarding. Very soon these advance-ments will make the blind see, deaf hear, dumb speak and the paralyzed walk.Neuro-immuno modulation could become the mainstay in the disease modification and control process. Identifica-tion of specific targets in the brain and selective interven-tions will be the hottest zone of future research. Similarly, specific cells that are responsible for tumor formation and propagation, the so-called `tumor stem cells' are very much on the radar of neuro oncology. Such discoveries will not only help us understand the biology of tumors, but also facilitate selective and safe therapies for curing them.Neuro surgery has moved steadily up the ladder from trephination to a stage where transplantation does not sound completely out of bounds, on a series of path-breaking steps from macro-surgery and micro-surgery to endo neu-rosurgery, nano neurosurgery, molecular neurosurgery and currently cellular neurosurgery, which has made neural re-generation a reality. The progress in the future promises to be even more exciting marked by the emergence of new, integrated, remotely-driven and miniaturized technologies, which may open possibilities that are currently beyond our imagination. The progress in the future promises to be even more exciting marked by the emergence of new, integrated, remotely-driven and miniaturized technologies
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