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Number of poor in India has gone up: World Bank
By    IANS
Wednesday, August 27, 2008
New Delhi: The shrinking power of the dollar has made more Indians poor, a World Bank report released Tuesday said.

According to the survey, the actual number of poor in India has gone up over the years if the new poverty line benchmark - a daily income of $1.25 - is taken into consideration.


However, if one were to consider the decades-old poverty line of daily income less than $1 or around Rs.40, the number of Indians living below the poverty line has gone down in the past three decades.

"The new estimates, which reflect improvements in internationally comparable price data, offer a much more accurate picture of the cost of living in developing countries and set a new poverty line of $1.25 a day," the report said.

The new poverty line is based on the results of the 2005 International Comparison Program (ICP), which was released earlier this year.

As per the revised estimates for India, the percentage of people living below $1.25 a day decreased from 60 percent in 1981 to 42 percent in 2005.

At $1 dollar a day (2005 prices), poverty has declined from 42 percent to 24 percent over the same period.

In sheer numbers, the estimated poverty rates correspond to 267 million people living below a dollar a day in 2005, down from 296 million in 1981.

However, the number of poor living under $1.25 a day has increased from 421 million in 1981 to 456 million in 2005.

The difference in poverty estimates between that of World Bank and the government data stems from the use of different poverty lines. To assess global poverty on comparable terms, the World Bank uses an average of the national poverty lines of the world's 15 poorest countries to determine the international poverty line at $1.25 per day at 2005 purchasing power parity (PPP) prices.

India, on the other hand, measures its poverty according to its own national poverty line, which, in 2005 PPP, translates to $1.02 per day.

The report however praised India's growing economic might and increasing GDP which has considerably lowered down the number of poor according to the earlier definition but added that increasing equality and distribution of wealth is the need of the hour.

"High GDP growth in India has reduced poverty. However, to achieve a higher rate of poverty reduction, India will also need to address inequalities in opportunities that impede the poor from participating in the growth process," the report stated.

In a new paper titled 'The developing world is poorer than we thought but no less successful in the fight against poverty' Martin Ravallion and Shaohua Chen revise estimates of poverty since 1981, finding that 1.4 billion people (one in four) in the developing world were living below $1.25 a day in 2005, down from 1.9 billion (one in two) in 1981.

     
   
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Reader's comments(9)
1 Reasons-
1. Pro-poor programs do not reach the target. The funds reach some others and
even the funds used are not properly used.
2. Inadequacy of focused poverty reduction programs. Many programs are just
given the name and not focused.
3. India must spend more funds on poverty reduction programs rather than
increasing the number of cars on the street which increases the fuel crisis,
causes urban transport problems and pollution. No of automibiles is not an
indication of total industrial growth and development.
4. It is not enough for central government to allot funds to states and blame
failures on the states. There should be comprehensive, state-center combined
teams to ensure that funds are utilized properly and derive desired benefits.
5. Depoliticize the entire issue.
6. There should be periodical harsh audits by independent international agenices
on these programs and their recommendations should be implemented in full.
Posted by: Subramania Iyer
2 This is contrary to the so called feel-good situation that Indian News Papers
are giving for our consumption. It is good that first the standards to define
"poverty" are being recast by WB for asia in particular, and the world in
general. Even with this revised standard, India's BPL figures soaring instead of
going down even in the face of an impressive, never-heard-of, GDP growth rates
truly calls for some introspection ; we really need to take a hard look at where
all the good lot of money is going? Is it going only into CEOs' pays? Or landing
politician's swiss bank acounts? Or is it that the vast majority of our BPL
brethren are not knowing how to tap into this hot-spring of money? Of course
there is the rural-urban divide, but the good news is that rural populace is
more aware of the opportunities. IMO, one good step in the right direction is
the rush among Indian Companies to invest in Power Industry and there too
attempting for 'permissions' to set up so called blighted areas in view of some
SEZ announcements or easy availability of cheap manpower. This booming Power
Industry which alone can be hoped to go the remotest corners of the country
holds out some hope of evening out this imbalance in income & wealth
distribution.
Posted by: MAHADEVA SARMA
3 With accelarated increase in literacy amongst the poor ...

The diva like foolish (immatured) enlightenment sort of incorrect political
leader election method now prevalent in villages will go bust (extinct).
(Super Hero / Heroine stepping out of Helicopter)

Blowing public money (cost of fuel (dust on Villagers faces)) for campaining

Hope that might help correcting things soon ...

As long as the villagers are enjoying the

"Dhool mein Uda Ke ..." show
"Jaane Kya Hoga Raama Re ..."
"Jaane Kya Hoga Raama Re"

How about saving public money incurred on transport + security by adopting
Telecommunication Networking Technologies?
Video Conferencing etc from Delhi to villages etc?
parallely broadcasted to news channels?

How about defining "Standard Process" based Information Management Systems
in Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha to save time(money)?

If India is a land of Intellectuals
They need not be Foolish

Who wants to see criminal politicians as Member of Parliaments?
Who enjoys the tingle of Reservation Issues?

The semi-literate Foolish Citizens ...
Posted by: DK
4 Since literacy amongst poor's increasing quite well

Next Focus should be on the following goals:

a). Eliminate problem of educated unemployed living wasted bloods in India.

b). Common Minimum Networth & earning (equivalent) of filing Income Tax Returns
by the poorest Indian by the age of 18 must be acheived (like the Common Minimum
Programme of Congress 2008).

That would require:

MBA HRs scattering throughout India like worker Honey Bees.
To make this dream come true
Posted by: DK
5 Thanks ...
Now we (pro-active citizens) know What our new responsibilities are:

To increase the following:

Tendency to Earn While you Learn + increase self reliance from early ages

Encourage higher knowledge end Research mentality amongst Indian students rather
than Services oriented mindset prevalent now
(No of Research Students + Projects)

Increase No of Job Generators

Increase No of Venture Capitalists

Support Forming Indian Brands & making them go Global amongst Fortune 500
companies

Ease out Right to Information Access (web financial transaction based) that
kills opacity bringing in Transparency & exposes corruption to be nipped in the
bud.
Posted by: Siddharth Bhattacharya
6 Number of poor in India is directly proportional to the number of corrupted
politicians and technocrats
Posted by: Natarajan
7 yes it will go up..and evry one knows why and how...when one politican coming to
dat time he is not having anything,but after 5 yrs power he is Crorepati..den
how..dont u pepple think dat "what is d meaning of serving the nation"i think
serving ppls expensing from ur pocket..but if politicians are doing same thing
den how dey r getting crorepati..
and our indian fool ppls are intrested to be in backward,i dnt know why dey
like to..after some days u ll see thr will be only high rich(most will be
politicians IAS IPS and some powerfull person) and a lots of poor peoples..dont
worry u see
Posted by: Bimal Barik
8 the first thing we need to control is population. increasing population will
nullify the increased GDP and will still remain where we were. Second is, people
should be made more aware of investments. i have personally come across many
cases where people have crores as bank balance and there's been no transaction
in their account for as long as 10 - 15 yrs. Increased investment sense
alongwith population control will surely lead us to a better tomorrow.
Posted by: Rahul
9 ofcourse, the current rate of increasing unemployment surely takes its toll on
the economic conditions..
Posted by: riya